A piece of industrial or laboratory equipment that consists of a container, or bath, used for cleaning or mixing things by sending ultrasonic vibrations through the liquid contained in it.

Ultrasonic vibrations are sound waves of frequencies above the audible range. They are subject to the same general physical laws as ordinary sound. Their high frequency and short wavelength make them capable of many uses that depend on the transmission of energy and on directional control of this trans mission.

verb: mandate; 3rd person present: mandates; past tense: mandated; past participle: mandated; gerund or present participle: mandating
/manˈdeɪt/

1.
give (someone) authority to act in a certain way.

authorize; 3rd person present: authorizes; past tense: authorized; past participle: authorized; gerund or present participle: authorizing; verb: authorise; 3rd person present: authorises; past tense: authorised; past participle: authorised; gerund or present participle: authorising
give official permission for or approval to (an undertaking or agent).

Currently, the primary Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved intravenous contrast agents for CT imaging are iodinated small molecules such as iopamidol or iodixanol11. However, increasing numbers of adverse events caused by iodine-containing contrast agents are reported every year12. The primary side effects of using iodinated agents are allergic reactions and contra-indications from use in patients with renal insufficiency13.

Moreover, these FDA-approved iodinated contrast agents clear very rapidly from the blood and are not specific for any pathology. Due to the drawbacks of iodinated contrast agents, there has been emerging interest in developing alternative contrast agents for CT imaging and nanoparticle-based formulations are one of the primary foci8,14. Compared to small molecule contrast agents, nanoparticle contrast agents have several advantages. In general, nanoparticles can carry higher payloads of contrast generating materials15, and their shape, size and surface chemistry are usually tunable for specific biomedical applications16. They can have blood circulation times of several hours, while the blood circulation time of iodinated small molecules is measured in minutes17,18. AuNP have been extensively proposed as CT imaging contrast agents, as well as for other biomedical applications10,19.

morphologies

a change of the form or nature of a thing or person into a completely different one.

transformation
mutation
transmutation
transfiguration
change
alteration
conversion
variation
modification
remodelling
restyling
reconstruction
reordering
reorganization
sea change
transmogrification
transubstantiation

late Middle English: via Latin from Greek metamorphōsis, from metamorphoun ‘transform, change shape’.

Morpheus ('Fashioner', derived from the Ancient Greek: μορφή meaning 'form, shape')

Shape shifting... phase shifting?

Morpheus is god of sleep: waking up something?

A nucleating artificial atom time bomb!

Ion channels are the gatekeepers to neuronal excitability. Retinal neurons of vertebrates and invertebrates, neurons of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of vertebrates, and pinealocytes of non-mammalian vertebrates display daily rhythms in their activities. The interlocking transcription–translation feedback loops with specific post-translational modulations within individual cells form the molecular clock, the basic mechanism that maintains the autonomic ~24-h rhythm.

The molecular clock regulates downstream output signaling pathways that further modulate activities of various ion channels. Ultimately, it is the circadian regulation of ion channel properties that govern excitability and behavior output of these neurons. In this review, we focus on the recent development of research in circadian neurobiology mainly from 1980 forward. We will emphasize the circadian regulation of various ion channels, including cGMP-gated cation channels, various voltage-gated calcium and potassium channels, Na+/K+-ATPase, and a long-opening cation channel.

The cellular mechanisms underlying the circadian regulation of these ion channels and their functions in various tissues and organisms will also be discussed. Despite the magnitude of chronobiological studies in recent years, the circadian regulation of ion channels still remains largely unexplored. Through more investigation and understanding of the circadian regulation of ion channels, the future development of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of sleep disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and other illnesses linked to circadian misalignment will benefit.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g...

The circadian clock is most sensitive to light from about 2 hours before usual bedtime and through the night, until about 1 hour after usual wake-up in the morning (this is the sensitive period). Exposure to light during these times will affect when your body naturally gets sleepy and is ready to fall asleep.

The circadian rhythm is an internal timing system that is thought to have originated in the earliest organisms on Earth, who developed it to protect their DNA from the Sun's UV radiation. Light is still the most important mechanism that helps sync our internal body clock to the outside world.

https://ceramics.org/ceram...

https://www.nature.com/art...

Web results
Novel metamaterial stays cool in the sun - Materials Today
28 Feb 2017 — A novel metamaterial film can cool objects by reflecting incoming solar energy while also allowing the surface to shed its own heat.

Microsoft’s MSFT -0.2% billionaire founder Bill Gates is financially backing the development of sun-dimming technology that would potentially reflect sunlight out of Earth’s atmosphere, triggering a global cooling effect.

The Stratospheric Controlled Perturbation Experiment (SCoPEx), launched by Harvard University scientists, aims to examine this solution by spraying non-toxic calcium carbonate (CaCO3) dust into the atmosphere — a sun-reflecting aerosol that may offset the effects of global warming

😮

https://www.sciencedirect....

We developed a fast, single-step sonochemical strategy for the green manufacturing of magnetite (Fe3O4) magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), using iron sulfate (FeSO4) as the sole source of iron and sodium hydroxide (Na(OH)) as the reducing agent in an aqueous medium. The designed methodology reduces the environmental impact of toxic chemical compounds and minimizes the infrastructure requirements and reaction times down to minutes. The Na(OH) concentration has been varied to optimize the final size and magnetic properties of the MNPs and to minimize the amount of corrosive byproducts of the reaction.

The change in the starting FeSO4 concentration (from 5.4 to 43.1 mM) changed the particle sizes from (20 ± 3) to (58 ± 8) nm. These magnetite MNPs are promising for biomedical applications due to their negative surface charge, good heating properties (≈324 ± 2 W/g), and low cytotoxic effects. These results indicate the potential of this controlled, easy, and rapid ultrasonic irradiation method to prepare nanomaterials with enhanced properties and good potential for use as magnetic hyperthermia agents.

https://www.sciencedirect....

Nucleation occurs when a small nucleus begins to form in the liquid, the nuclei then grows as atoms from the liquid are attached to it. The crucial point is to understand it as a balance between the free energy available from the driving force, and the energy consumed in forming new interface.

Introduction. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) are small synthetic -Fe2O3 or Fe3O4 particles with a core size of

Crystal growth is a major stage of a crystallization process, and consists of the addition of new atoms, ions, or polymer strings into the characteristic arrangement of the crystalline lattice.

Ultrasound nucleation growth of magnetic nanoparticle crystals?

Who is the idiot?

Paramagnetic Nanoparticles in Medicine. Paramagnetism is a type of magnetism in which atoms with one or more unpaired electrons are attracted by an externally applied magnetic field. ... Recent advances have resulted in the development of paramagnetic nanoparticles for various medical applications (Fig. 1).

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.ni...