This study evaluated whether quantum dots (CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals) could be transported from the olfactory tract to the brain via inhalation. Adult C57BL/6 mice were exposed to an aerosol of quantum dots for one hour via nasal inhalation, and nanoparticles were detected three hours post-exposure within the olfactory tract and olfactory bulb by a wide range of techniques, including visualization via fluorescent and transmission electron microscopy. We conclude that following short-term inhalation of solid quantum dot nanoparticles, there is rapid olfactory uptake and axonal transport to the brain/olfactory bulb with observed activation of microglial cells, indicating a pro-inflammatory response.