"No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment"

Among the acts or omissions that may potentially support a medical malpractice claim are the failure to properly diagnose a disease or medical condition, the failure to provide appropriate treatment for a medical condition, and unreasonable delay in treating a diagnosed medical condition. In some jurisdictions a medical malpractice action may be allowed even without a mistake from the doctor, based upon principles of informed consent, where a patient was not informed of possible consequences of a course of treatment and would have declined the medical treatment had proper information been provided in advance.

inhumane
/ɪnhjʊˈmeɪn/

adjective: inhumane

without compassion for misery or suffering; cruel.

late Middle English (in the sense ‘inhuman, brutal’): originally a variant of inhuman (rare after 1700); in modern use from in-1 ‘not’ + humane (the current sense dating from the early 19th century).

inhuman
/ɪnˈhjuːmən/

adjective: inhuman
1.
lacking human qualities of compassion and mercy; cruel and barbaric.

"the inhuman treatment meted out to political prisoners"

not human in nature or character.

DNA is a dynamic and adaptable molecule. As such, the nucleotide sequences found within it are subject to change as the result of a phenomenon called mutation.

In biology, a mutation is an alteration in the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA.[1] Viral genomes contain either DNA or RNA. Mutations result from errors during DNA or viral replication, mitosis, or meiosis or other types of damage to DNA (such as pyrimidine dimers caused by exposure to ultraviolet radiation), which then may undergo error-prone repair (especially microhomology-mediated end joining[2]), cause an error during other forms of repair,[3][4] or cause an error during replication (translesion synthesis). Mutations may also result from insertion or deletion of segments of DNA due to mobile genetic elements.

Oxidative stress (OS) is therefore defined as a state of excess ROS production and/or the reduction in savaging antioxidants, which results in pathophysiological changes similar to the general adaption syndrome of cellular stressors [22,31].

Prolonged oxidative stress leads to an increased risk of negative health outcomes, such as cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer. Your body needs to maintain a certain balance between free radicals and antioxidants. When this equilibrium is disrupted, it can lead to oxidative stress.

Experimental studies show that nanoparticles can trigger the production of free radicals.

However, federal statutes and treaties are supreme only if they do not contravene the Constitution.