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Since 1959!
The Antarctic Treaty was signed in 1959 by 12 nations and came into effect in the mid-1960s.

The main treaty was opened for signature on 1 December 1959, and officially entered into force on 23 June 1961. The original signatories were the 12 countries active in Antarctica during the International Geophysical Year (IGY) of 1957–58: Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Chile, France, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, South Africa, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States. These countries had established over 55 Antarctic research stations for the IGY, and the subsequent promulgation of the treaty was seen as a diplomatic expression of the operational and scientific cooperation that had been achieved. As of 2024, the treaty has 57 parties.

Signed 1 December 1959[1]
Location Washington, D.C., United States
Effective 23 June 1961
Condition Ratification of all 12 signatories
Signatories 12[2]
Parties 57[2]
Depositary Federal government of the United States[2]
03:32 PM - Sep 06, 2024
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