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Comment something about the World that is 100% true.

lens
/lɛnz/
noun: lens; plural noun: lenses
a piece of glass or other transparent material with curved sides for concentrating or dispersing light rays, used singly (as in a magnifying glass) or with other lenses (as in a telescope).

the light-gathering device of a camera, typically containing a group of compound lenses.

ANATOMY
short for crystalline lens.

short for contact lens.

PHYSICS
an object or device which focuses or otherwise modifies the direction of movement of light, sound, electrons, etc.

The natural ability of certain types of virus to form crystals or paracrystalline arrays, within infected cells or from liquid suspensions, is recognized by the workers concerned with the early applications of X-ray diffraction methods.

In materials science, paracrystalline materials are defined as having short- and medium-range ordering in their lattice (similar to the liquid crystal phases) but lacking crystal-like long-range ordering at least in one direction.

The paracrystal model has been useful, for example, in describing the state of partially amorphous semiconductor materials after deposition. It has also been successfully applied to synthetic polymers, liquid crystals, biopolymers, quantum dot solids, and biomembranes.

The new device is part of a growing class of so-called metalenses—lenses less than a micron thick created from metasurfaces. These engineered surfaces have previously enabled unique optical properties in designs from flat optics to polarizers to holograms, but previous metalenses had fixed focal lengths. In the newly published work, the design combines liquid-crystal arrays with metalenses to create a system with multiple focal points.

The millimeter-scale lens, designed by researchers at Cornell and Samsung’s Advanced Institute of Technology, uses tiny silicon-based nanoparticles in a liquid-crystal cell. When a voltage is applied to electrodes sandwiching the cell, it causes the liquid-crystal molecules to align in a certain direction. The alignment affects the resonances of the nanoparticles, which changes the focus of the lens.

optogenetics
/ˌɒptəʊdʒɪˈnɛtɪks/

BIOLOGY
a technique in neuroscience in which genes for light-sensitive proteins are introduced into specific types of brain cells in order to monitor and control their activity precisely using light signals.

"optogenetics allows researchers to control how nerve cells communicate"

optic nerve

ANATOMY
each of the second pair of cranial nerves, transmitting impulses to the brain from the retina at the back of the eye.

"the reflection of light"

To become illuminated.

To focus a light source on someone or something.

🕯❤️

If light is composed of two plane waves of equal amplitude but differing in phase by 90°, then the light is said to be circularly polarized.

whirled (plural whirleds)

Eye dialect spelling of world.

🕊

Based on the properties, dielectric metalenses have been applied to numerous three-dimensional imaging applications including wearable augmented or virtual reality displays with depth information, and optical sensing of three-dimensional position of object and various light properties.

🙏🏻

dielectric, interface and glass are materials that transmit and reflect light specularly, and also handle refraction. The first two are used for boundaries of volumes that are meant to represent solid objects of the respective material.

Negative-index metamaterial or negative-index material (NIM) is a metamaterial whose refractive index for an electromagnetic wave has a negative value over some frequency range.

How is metamaterial different from ordinary material?

Their precise shape, geometry, size, orientation and arrangement gives them their smart properties capable of manipulating electromagnetic waves: by blocking, absorbing, enhancing, or bending waves, to achieve benefits that go beyond what is possible with conventional materials.

Instead of just bending light, a metamaterial could (in theory), completely alter its path, causing it to travel around an object, like water passing around rocks in a stream. As the light traveled around the object, anyone looking at it would instead see what was behind it, rendering it effectively invisible.

THz coding metamaterial and its reflection responses. a) Schematic of a 1-bit coding metasurface. b) The simulated reflection-phase and their difference of “0” and “1” elements. The configuration of “0” and “1” elements and their dimensions are depicted in the inset. Here, h = 40 μm, W = 5.5 μm, L = 110 μm, and R = 31.5 μm.

visible
/ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/

Origin

Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin visibilis, from videre ‘to see’.

turnable (not comparable)

Capable of being turned.

Synonyms
rotatable, rotateable

The term derives from the final decorative coping or "cap-stone" used to complete a building or monument.

capstones

plural of capstone

How do you open a screw cap?

unscrewing (plural unscrewings)

The act by which something is unscrewed.

get (one's) wings

1. To obtain one's pilot's license.