If government officials attempt to enforce an unconstitutional law, sovereign immunity does not prevent people whom the law harms

from suing those officials in their individual capacity for injunctive relief.
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This is because they are not acting on behalf of the state in this situation.

Minnesota imposed harsh penalties on railroads that violated state limits on what they could charge within the state.

Northern Pacific Railway shareholders asserted that the laws violated the Fourteenth Amendment and the Dormant Commerce Clause,

that the railroads should be released from the need to comply with the law, and that state Attorney General Edward T. Young should be enjoined from enforcing the law.

The federal court granted the request for an injunction, since it was unpersuaded by Young that the Eleventh Amendment removed its jurisdiction over a case in which a state was sued by a citizen of another state (in this case, the shareholders).